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晋太宗宣武帝实录24(1 / 2)

晋略 巴奀月 更新时间 2022-10-25

 陈牧:寡人愿闻,何为将之弊,先生教我。

萧凡:臣以为,为将之道有八弊焉,一曰贪而无厌,二曰嫉贤妒能,三曰信谗好佞,四曰料彼不自料,五曰犹豫不自决,六曰荒淫於酒色,七曰奸诈而自怯,八曰狡言而不以礼。

陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人受教矣。

chenmu:iwonderwhatthegeneralshad?sirtaughtme。

xiaofan:ithinkasageneraltheyhaveeightflaws,first,insatiablegreed,second,jealousyoftalents,third,credulouslybelievevillainsandrumors,fourth,donotactaccordingtoyourability,fifth,indecisiveness,sixth,hobbiesforfemalesexandalcohol,seventh,treacherousbutcowardly,eighth,cunningandimpolite。

chenmu:sirisright,iacceptyourteachings。

陈牧:寡人闻,将骄多败,何也?先生教我。

萧凡:臣以为,将不可骄,骄则失礼,失礼则人离,人离则众叛。将骄,则赏不行,赏不行则士不致命,士不致命则军无功。无功则国虚,国虚则寇实矣。《书》曰:如有周公之才之美,使骄且吝,其余不足观也已。

陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人受教矣。

chenmu:i‘veheardthatgeneralsmostlyfailbecauseofpride,sirtaughtmewhy?

xiaofan:ithink,thegeneralcannotbeproudorhewillberude,ifyouarenotpolite,peoplewillalienateyou,ifpeoplealienateyou,thensoldiersarepronetodefection,thegeneralisconceitedanddoesnotrewardhissubordinates,thenthesoldierwillnotfighthard,asaresult,thismakeswarsoftenlost,oftenthisisthecasethenthecountrywillweaken,eventuallyothercountrieswillattackyou,nomatterhowtalentedapersonis,ifheisconceitedandmiserly,thefinalresultisnotgood。

chenmu:sirisright,iacceptyourteachings。

陈牧:寡人闻,行军严戒备,何也?先生教我。

萧凡:臣以为,国之大务,莫先於戒备。若夫失之毫厘,则差若千里,覆军杀将,势不踰息,可不惧哉!故有患难,君臣旰食而谋之,择贤而任之。若乃居安而不思危,寇至而不知惧,此谓燕巢於幕,鱼游於鼎,亡不俟夕矣!《传》曰:不备不虞,不可以师。豫备无虞,古之善政。虿尚有毒,而况国乎?无备,虽众不可恃也。故曰,有备无患。故三军之行,不可无备也。

陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人受教矣。

chenmu:ihaveheardthatwhentroopsaresent,theymuststrengthentheirvigilance,sirtaughtmewhy?

xiaofan:ibelievethatindealingwithmajornationalaffairs,wemustfirstbeonguard,asmallmistakecanalsoaffecttheoutcomeofthewar,itcouldleadtothedefeatofthewarandthedeathofthegeneralinaninstant,itisnottoomuchtobecarefulandvigilant,sothekingandhisministersplottedhard,andchosethewisementogivehimtheheavyresponsibility,itistopreventmajormistakes,ifyoudon‘tthinkaboutthedangersinpeacetime,thenitwillbetoolatewhentheenemyarrives,ifthereisnoalertbeforethetroopsaredispatched,itiseasytofaileveniftherearemoresoldiers,therefore,itisimportanttobeonthealertbeforemakingadecisiononamajormatter。

chenmu:sirisright,iacceptyourteachings。

陈牧:寡人闻,王者必有腹心之士,何也?先生教我。

萧凡:臣以为王者,必有腹心、耳目、爪牙。无腹心者,如人夜行,无所措手足:无手足者,如冥然而居,不知运动;无爪牙者,如饥人食毒物,无不死矣。故圣王治天下,必有博闻多智者为腹心,沈审谨密者为耳目,勇悍善敌者为爪牙。

陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人受教矣。

chenmu:ihaveheardthatthekingmusthavehisowncronies,sirtaughtmewhy?

xiaofan:ithinkthekinghadcroniestohelpthemwiththings,akingwithoutcroniesislikeamanwithoutsiblings,andthusunabletowalk,akingwithoutcroniesislikehavingnominionsandstarvingtodeath,therefore,whentheholykinggovernsthecountry,hemustregardthelearnedashiscronies,treatcalmandprudentpeopleaseyesandears,treatbraveandpowerfulpeopleaspawns。

chenmu:sirisright,iacceptyourteachings。

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